Exploring a Historic Mining Region with Cutting-Edge Technology
As part of the OBIWAM project, we tested the capabilities of muon imaging in the Erzgebirge. Translated as “Ore Mountains“, this mountain range forms a natural border between Germany and the Czech Republic, and has been extensively explored already for centuries. The goal of our venture was to assess whether muography could reveal previously undetected structures and ore bodies—without costly and invasive drilling.
We investigated rock density variations in a complex underground setting. The results showed the effectiveness of muography in well-mapped mining areas, and also highlighted how the technique can be used to provide new geological insights where conventional methods have reached their limits.
Key Findings from the St. Christoph Mine Tests
We conducted our field tests in the St. Christoph mine (Breitenbrunn, Saxony) in 2021.
First, we needed to validate and demonstrate our approach. To do this, we used an underground tunnel to scan a known air-filled shaft within solid rock. Our muon detector successfully identified the shaft as a low-density anomaly, and at the same time revealed that the rocks surrounding the shaft had a reduced density, possibly caused by excavation-related loosening. The clear density contrast demonstrated muography’s ability to map underground cavities.
Our second test focused on a complex tunnel system, with the aim to locate ore deposits beyond existing mine workings. We needed only one location to provide a 2D density map that indeed showed a high-density zone beyond the existing tunnel system. We thus revealed a previously undetected dense ore body, highlighting the potential for further resource exploration.
What This Means for Mining Exploration
These tests demonstrate that muography is usable for identifying both voids and dense mineral deposits in historically mined complex areas. It offers a non-invasive alternative to traditional exploration methods. By combining muon imaging with laser-based tunnel mapping, we can generate high-resolution density models that help assess resource potential without disturbing the underground environment.
Collaboration & Future Applications
The OBIWAM project was conducted in collaboration with Saxore Bergbau GmbH and co-funded by MINE.THE.GAP project (G.A. 873149). The muographic measurements were conducted at the St. Christoph Visitor Mine in Breitenbrunn.
Our results highlight how advanced imaging technologies can contribute to modern mineral exploration—particularly in re-evaluating historically mined regions for new resource potential. Building on these insights, we look forward to expanding these methods to new geological settings, further demonstrating the value of muography in sustainable resource exploration.
More information: Saxore Bergbau GmbH
